Question 1

What companies are using TiDB in production?

Accepted Answer

TiDB is trusted by over 3000 global enterprises across a variety of industries, such as financial services, gaming, and e-commerce. Users include Square (US), Shopee (Singapore), and China UnionPay (China).

Question 2

How is TiDB different from other relational databases like MySQL?

Accepted Answer

TiDB is a next-generation, distributed relational database that can independently scale both computing and storage capacity by adding new nodes. Unlike traditional relational databases that only scale vertically, TiDB offers horizontal scalability, high availability with automatic failover, HTAP capabilities for both OLTP and OLAP workloads, and MySQL protocol compatibility so you can replace MySQL without changing application code.

Question 3

What is the relationship between TiDB and TiDB Cloud?

Accepted Answer

TiDB is an open-source database best suited for organizations that want to run it on-premises or in their own data centers. TiDB Cloud is a fully managed cloud Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS) built on TiDB, with an easy-to-use web-based management console for managing TiDB clusters in mission-critical production environments.

Question 4

Is TiDB compatible with MySQL?

Accepted Answer

TiDB is highly compatible with the MySQL protocol and the common features and syntax of MySQL 5.7 and MySQL 8.0. Ecosystem tools for MySQL such as PHPMyAdmin, Navicat, MySQL Workbench, and DBeaver can all be used with TiDB. Some MySQL features are not supported in TiDB due to architectural differences in a distributed system.

Question 5

What programming languages can I use to work with TiDB?

Accepted Answer

You can use any programming language supported by the MySQL client or driver, including Java, Go, Python, Ruby, PHP, and more.

Question 6

How does TiDB support strong consistency?

Accepted Answer

TiDB implements Snapshot Isolation consistency, delivering REPEATABLE-READ for MySQL compatibility. Data is redundantly copied between TiKV nodes using the Raft consensus algorithm to ensure recoverability in the event of node failure. TiDB uses a replication log and State Machine model — write requests go to a Leader node which replicates the command to Followers as a log, and once the majority of nodes receive the log, it is committed and applied.

Question 7

Where can I run TiDB?

Accepted Answer

TiDB is available for bare metal, cloud-based, or hybrid installations. A Kubernetes Operator is available, and you can also use TiUp to quickly deploy a test environment on your laptop or a full production cluster across many nodes.

Question 8

How does TiDB ensure high availability?

Accepted Answer

TiDB uses the Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data is highly available and safely replicated throughout storage in Raft Groups. Data is redundantly copied between TiKV nodes across different Availability Zones to protect against machine or data center failure. Automatic failover ensures your service stays online continuously.

Question 9

What support is available for TiDB customers?

Accepted Answer

TiDB is supported by a team with experience running mission-critical use cases for over 3000 global enterprises across financial services, e-commerce, enterprise applications, and gaming. 24/7 support is available for TiDB Enterprise Subscription users.

Question 10

What are PD, TiDB, TiKV, and TiFlash nodes in a TiDB Cluster?

Accepted Answer

PD (Placement Driver) is the brain of the TiDB cluster, storing metadata and sending data scheduling commands to TiKV nodes. TiDB is the SQL computing layer that aggregates query results and is horizontally scalable. TiKV is the transactional store for OLTP data, maintained in multiple replicas with native high availability. TiFlash is the analytical storage layer that replicates data from TiKV in real-time to support OLAP workloads using columnar storage.

Question 11

How does TiDB replicate data between TiKV nodes?

Accepted Answer

TiKV divides the key-value space into key ranges called Regions. Data is distributed across all nodes using Regions as the basic unit, with PD responsible for spreading Regions evenly. TiDB uses the Raft consensus algorithm to replicate data by Regions — multiple replicas of a Region form a Raft Group, and each data change is recorded as a Raft log that is reliably replicated across nodes.

Question 12

How do I make use of TiDB HTAP capabilities?

Accepted Answer

As a Hybrid Transactional Analytical Processing (HTAP) database, TiDB automatically replicates data between the OLTP store (TiKV) and OLAP store (TiFlash) in real-time. This eliminates the need for a separate data warehouse and supports real-time analytics on transactional data. Typical HTAP use cases include user personalization, AI recommendations, fraud detection, business intelligence, and real-time reporting.

Question 13

Is there an easy migration path from another RDBMS to TiDB?

Accepted Answer

Yes. TiDB provides TiDB Lightning and a Data Migration Tool to migrate data from MySQL databases. Since TiDB implements the MySQL wire protocol, you can use the MySQL client directly. TiKV APIs are also available for Java, Go, Rust, and Python.

Question 14

What is the difference between TiDB Community Edition and the Enterprise Subscription?

Accepted Answer

Some features such as audit logging are not included in the Community Edition. The most significant difference is the inclusion of Enterprise Support at the Enterprise Subscription level, providing 24/7 professional support for production environments.

Question 15

How does TiDB protect data privacy and ensure security?

Accepted Answer

TiDB includes Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) for encryption at rest. It operates across two network planes: one for application-to-TiDB server communication and one for internal data communication. TiDB also supports extended syntax for Subject Alternative Name verification and TLS context for internal communication.

Question 16

What companies are using TiDB Cloud in production?

Accepted Answer

TiDB Cloud is trusted by enterprises including Catalyst (US), KNN3 Network (Singapore), and CAPCOM (Japan), alongside thousands of other global organizations across financial services, SaaS, Web3, gaming, and e-commerce.

Question 17

What is TiDB Cloud?

Accepted Answer

TiDB Cloud is a fully managed cloud Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS) built on TiDB. It allows developers and DBAs to deploy on Amazon Web Services or Google Cloud through an intuitive console, handling infrastructure management and cluster deployment so teams can focus on building applications. Clusters can be scaled in or out with a simple click.

Question 18

Is TiDB Cloud compatible with MySQL?

Accepted Answer

TiDB Cloud is highly compatible with the MySQL protocol and the common features and syntax of MySQL 5.7 and MySQL 8.0. MySQL ecosystem tools including PHPMyAdmin, Navicat, MySQL Workbench, and DBeaver can all be used with TiDB Cloud.

Question 19

Where can I run TiDB Cloud?

Accepted Answer

TiDB Cloud is currently available on Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Google Cloud.

Question 20

How does TiDB Cloud ensure high availability?

Accepted Answer

TiDB Cloud uses the Raft consensus algorithm to replicate data safely across TiKV nodes in different Availability Zones, protecting against machine or data center failure. As a SaaS provider, PingCAP meets SOC 2 Type 2, ISO 27001, ISO 27701, PCI DSS, GDPR, and HIPAA standards to ensure data security, availability, and confidentiality.

Question 21

What support is available for TiDB Cloud customers?

Accepted Answer

TiDB Cloud is supported by the same team behind TiDB, with experience running mission-critical workloads for over 3000 global enterprises. 24/7 support is available for all TiDB Cloud users.

Question 22

How do I make use of TiDB Cloud HTAP capabilities?

Accepted Answer

TiDB Cloud automatically replicates data between the OLTP store (TiKV) and OLAP store (TiFlash) in real-time, enabling real-time analytics on transactional data without a separate data pipeline. Typical use cases include AI recommendations, fraud detection, business intelligence, and real-time reporting.

Question 23

Is there an easy migration path from another RDBMS to TiDB Cloud?

Accepted Answer

Yes. TiDB provides TiDB Lightning and a Data Migration Tool for migrating from MySQL. TiDB Cloud implements the MySQL wire protocol so existing MySQL clients work directly. TiKV APIs are also available for Java, Go, Rust, and Python.